Objective  To evaluate the efficacy and safety differences of  immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusion rates in the treatment of Kawasaki disease (KD) in children.

Methods  KD children treated in the Department of Pediatrics of Anqing First People's Hospital were retrospectively selected as the research subjects. According to different infusion speeds of IVIG, KD children were divided into 12 h-group and 24 h-group. The main outcomes observed in this study included the duration of fever and the incidence of coronary artery lesions (CAL). The secondary observation outcomes included the proportion of IVIG non-response, total IVIG dose, proportion of third-line treatment, and laboratory examination indicators (white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, platelet count, albumin, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, sodium ion, C-reactive protein, and immunoglobulin G level).

Results  A total of 60 children with KD were included in the study, with 41 cases in the 12 h-group and 19 cases in the 24 h-group. There were no significant differences in the duration of fever, incidence of CAL, proportion of IVIG non-response, total IVIG dose, and proportion of third-line treatment between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with before treatment, the white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, and C-reactive protein significantly decreased on the second day and the seventh day in both the 12 h-group and the 24 h-group (P<0.05); while platelet count, sodium ions, and immunoglobulin G significantly increased (P<0.05). Albumin showed a downward trend and then an upward trend (P<0.05), while creatinine and aspartate aminotransferase showed no significant changes (P>0.05). In addition, there were no significant statistical differences between different time points (P>0.05). Two patients in the 12  h-group experienced adverse events, while none in the 24 h-group experienced adverse events.

Conclusion  The efficacy and safety of IVIG administered over 12 h were similar to those administered over 24 h.

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