Objective  To distinguish and evaluate Woodwardia japonica (L.f.) Smith and Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai, and provide basis for the quality control of Woodwardiae rhizoma.

Methods  The medicinal materials of Woodwardia japonica (L.f.) Smith and Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai from different origins were collected, and qualitative and quantitative determination methods were established to identify and compare the quality of two source medicinal materials.

Results  The differences between Woodwardia japonica (L.f.) Smith and Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai in terms of charaters and microscopic charateristics were summarized and organized, and specialized TLC, HPLC identification and content determination methods were established. Although their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics were similar, the cross-section of leaf stalk remnants showed 2-4 vascular bundles in Woodwardia japonica (L.f.) Smith to 5-8 in Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai. TLC analysis revealed fewer characteristic spots and HPLC chromatograms showed fewer peaks in Woodwardia japonica (L.f.) Smith than in Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai. No significant differences were observed in the contents of protocatechualdehyde and protocatechuic acid between the two species.

Conclusion  This study can effectively distinguish Woodwardia japonica (L.f.) Smith and Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai, and provide a reference for their quality evaluation and control.

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