Objective  To explore the clinical efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam sodium combined with budesonide in the treatment of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).

Methods  AECOPD patients admitted to department of critical care medicine of Lishui People's Hospital from January 2022 to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the therapeutic regimens, they were divided into the control group (intravenous drip of piperacillin-tazobactam sodium) and the study group (intravenous drip of piperacillin-tazobactam sodium combined with aerosol inhalation of budesonide). The therapeutic effect, the improvement of pulmonary infection symptoms (cough, fever, pulmonary rales, sputum color changes, etc.), blood gas indexes [arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂), blood oxygen saturation (SaO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), pH value and others], the levels of inflammatory factors [C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and occurrence of adverse drug reactions were compared between two groups.

Results  A total of 160 AECOPD patients were included, with 81 in the study group and 79 in the control group. The effective rate of treatment in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (90.12% vs. 70.89%, P<0.05). The disappearance durations of fever, cough, asthma and pulmonary rales in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The PaO₂, SaO₂ and pH value in the study group were higher while the PaCO₂ was lower compared to the control group (P<0.05). The levels of CRP, PCT and IL-6 were lower in the study group than those in the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion  Piperacillin-tazobactam sodium combined with budesonide in the treatment of AECOPD patients can effectively enhance the therapeutic effect, shorten the duration of symptom relief or resolution, improve the blood gas indexes, reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, and it will not increase the incidence rates of adverse reactions.

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