Chitooligosaccharides is a natural amino polysaccharide that exists in shelled marine organisms. Due to its extensive physiological activities, it has received widespread attention in the improvement of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in recent years. Chitooligosaccharides have been shown to significantly alleviate the symptoms of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease through a variety of mechanisms, including the inhibition of lipid synthesis, modulation of inflammatory responses, mitigation of oxidative stress, enhancement of insulin sensitivity, and regulation of gut microbiota. The specific mechanisms include inhibiting the expression of transcription factors, activating the AMPK signaling pathway to promote fatty acid oxidation, and inhibiting the activity of signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR. This article reviews the improvement effect and mechanism research of chitooligosaccharides in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, aiming to provide scientific references for its clinical application and drug development.

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