Objective  To select the optimal sterilization process of Amomi Fructus raw powder.

Methods  The effects of four sterilization methods, namely dry heat sterilization, moist heat sterilization, ultraviolet sterilization, and irradiation sterilization, on the sterilization efficacy and quality of Amomi Fructus raw powder were comprehensively evaluated using a comprehensive scoring system based on bornyl acetate content, fingerprint similarity, sterilization rate, antioxidant activity, and comprehensive appearance characteristics as indicators, by employing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-entropy weight technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method.

Results  Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of AHP-entropy weight TOPSIS model, the quality influence ranking of the four sterilization methods on Amomi Fructus raw powder was obtained as follows: irradiation sterilization > moist heat sterilization > ultraviolet sterilization > dry heat sterilization. Irradiation sterilization at a dose of 8 kGy and above could completely inactivate microorganisms in Amomi Fructus raw powder, while effectively retaining its active ingredients.

Conclusion  Compared with other sterilization methods, the irradiation sterilization method can retain the effective components of Amomi Fructus raw powder to a greater extent while ensuring the sterilization effect, and can obtain the prescribed Amomi Fructus raw powder at low temperature, in a short time and relatively safely. Moreover, the optimized sterilization process is stable, feasible and reproducible, which can provide a reference for its subsequent process development and industrial production.

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