Changium smyrnioides Wolff is a monotypic genus plant unique to China, with its medicinal use first recorded in the Zhengzhi Zhunsheng · Yangyi by Wang Kentang of the Ming Dynasty. Its name evolved from Tu Renshen and Fen Shashen to Ming Dangshen. Its production areas have consistently centered in Jiangsu and Zhejiang from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the present day, though its distribution has expanded in modern times. Processing methods have been simplified from diverse techniques in the Qing Dynasty, such as "steaming", "boiling", and "stir-frying with ginger juice", to a predominant single method of "boiling then peeling off the skin" as stipulated in the modern pharmacopoeia. Records of its efficacy have gradually focused from broad indications during the Ming and Qing dynasties, including "tonifying lung qi", "nourishing blood and promoting fluid production" and "alleviating swelling and draining pus" to its core modern clinical applications of "moisten dryness and resolve phlegm, tonify yin and harmonize stomach". Pharmacological research indicates that Changium smyrnioides Wolff exhibits various activities, including antitussive and expectorant effects, immunomodu-lation, cardiovascular protection, and antitumor properties. This paper conducts textual research on the name, origin, efficacy, and other aspects of Ming Dangshen by systematically reviewing ancient herbal literature, classical medical texts, and modern studies. It also summarizes its pharmacological effects and safety research, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the subsequent research, development, and utilization of Changium smyrnioides Wolff.

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