小续命汤为古代经典名方之一,主治中风证,疗效显著。近期研究发现其对除中风外其他神经系统疾病,如面神经麻痹、眩晕等疗效也较好,但相关成果鲜见报道,缺乏系统的整理和总结。本文通过系统总结小续命汤在上述疾病的应用实践与作用机制,旨在为深化小续命汤对神经系统疾病领域的探索提供坚实基础和科学参考。
小续命汤为国家中医药管理局发布的《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》第32首方剂[1],首载于魏晋著名医家陈延之的《小品方》[2],后被唐代孙思邈的《备急千金要方》(简称《千金》)[3]收录:“治中风欲死,身体缓急,口目不正,舌强不能语,奄奄忽忽,精神闷乱,诸风服之皆验,不令人虚方。”《千金》对其定义包括了偏枯、风痱、风懿等多种表现为神经、肢体的病证,被众多医家推崇应用,并奉为治风剂之首。小续命汤全方12味药,共奏辛温祛风、益气扶正之功效[4]。其适应症与现代医学中脑神经的动眼神经、面神经、舌下神经病变等神经系统疾病密切相关。现阶段,神经系统疾病发病率高、呈现形式多样、治愈难,且由于部分疾病发病原因不明,导致西医缺乏对部分神经系统疾病的特效治疗手段。此外,部分西药的长期服用可能会伴随较多的毒副作用和耐药性产生,部分诊疗方法还存在疗效不确定性及费用高昂等问题[5]。小续命汤作为古代经典名方在多种神经系统疾病治疗中均展现出潜在的临床疗效,然而,现关于小续命汤的研究多聚焦于个别病例或疾病类型,缺乏对神经系统疾病的总结性概括。鉴于此,系统而深入地剖析小续命汤在优化神经功能、缓解神经症状及促进神经修复等方面的普遍机制与具体疗效,不仅能为指导临床实践的精准施治奠定坚实的理论基础,也为后续的深入研究提供了方向,并为相关疾病的治疗策略提供有价值的参考与启示。
1 小续命汤的有效组分及其功效研究
结合现代化学分析方法及药理学研究,小续命汤发挥治疗神经系统疾病的物质基础主要为黄酮类、生物碱类、单萜类、三萜及其皂苷类等[6]。Wang等[7]采用HPLC法分析出小续命汤中含有黄芩素、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷、麻黄碱等14种化学成分。张桥等[8]采用动态轴向压缩柱色谱分离出正二十八烷酸、正十六烷醇、千层纸素A、汉黄芩素、粉防己碱、防己诺林碱等12种有效组分。这些活性成分能抑制氧化应激、改善胆碱能反应、降低炎症反应、调控自噬等,协同发挥神经保护效应[9]。
2 小续命汤在神经系统疾病中的治疗作用
2.1 脑卒中
脑卒中属于中医“中风”的范畴,其辨证复杂,临床发病迅速,常伴有并发症、后遗症。小续命汤在脑卒中临床治疗过程中应用广泛、效果显著。一项研究纳入90例急性缺血性脑卒中患者,小续命汤联合西药干预2周后,患者日常生活活动量表(Barthel 指数)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分及中医证候评分明显改善,血清单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(monocyte chemotactic protein 1,MCP- 1)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)水平下降,总有效率达86.67%[10]。有研究者对风痰阻络型脑卒中患者采用内服小续命汤进行临床研究,发现其能显著降低患者炎症指标,有效缓解半身不遂、口眼歪斜等症状,优化中医证候评分与缺血侧半暗带容积,总有效率超过90%[11-15]。小续命汤还能提升气虚血瘀型患者日常生活活动能力评分,改善凝血酶原时间、血小板计数等血瘀证相关生物标志物 [16- 17]。此外,赵光峰等 [18]发现小续命汤联合西药可通过优化神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron-specific enolase,NSE)、髓鞘碱性蛋白等减轻卒中后脑水肿。小续命汤对脑卒中的作用具体见表1。
2.2 面神经麻痹
闫会芳[40]将58例面神经麻痹患者分为皮质类固醇激素对照组和小续命汤加减配合体针试验组,结果显示试验组面瘫体征明显恢复,治愈率为58.6%,明显高于对照组的24.1%。卢顺清[41]和严湘凤等[42]应用小续命汤联合针灸、小续命汤加味对30例面神经麻痹患者进行治疗,疗效显著,总有效率均超过93%。此外,石铎等[43]应用小续命汤加减方进行治疗,二诊后患者眼睑闭合完全,鼻唇沟及额纹基本恢复。对于高发风寒型面神经麻痹,小续命汤亦展现出显著优势,治疗后患者面部残疾指数及电生理指标优化,生活质量显著上升,优良率均超过75%[44-46]。目前小续命汤与多种中医特色疗法联合使用也取得了显著疗效,具体见表2。此外,宋曦等[53]发现与牵正散相比,小续命汤在改善面神经麻痹患者症状及电生理指标方面表现更优,可作为未来面瘫临床治疗的常用有效方剂。
2.3 眩晕
小续命汤对改善脑部血液循环和高血压病相关眩晕症状疗效显著。许程燕等[54]研究显示,小续命汤联合西药能显著增强后循环缺血性眩晕患者的动脉血流速度,改善眩晕症状,总有效率达94.44%。高血压病属于中医“眩晕”的范畴,张志银[55]发现小续命汤加味不仅具有降压效果,且能有效缓解由高血压病引发的头痛和眩晕症状。
2.4 阿尔兹海默病
有网络药理学研究显示,小续命汤中有效成分在炎症相关通路、胆碱能系统中发挥重要作用,能靶向作用于信号转导和转录激活因子3、丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶1、TNF、血管内皮生长因子A等多个靶点,抑制阿尔兹海默病进展[56-57]。王月华等[58]通过高通量药物筛选技术对小续命汤连续组分进行多靶点筛选,结果显示其有三部分对β-淀粉样蛋白毒性、过氧化损伤等具有保护作用,抑制β-分泌酶活性与阿尔兹海默病的发生发展。毛敬洁等[59]发现小续命汤能缩短嵌合小鼠/人淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(Mo/HuAPP695Swe,APP)/突变人早老素1(PS1-dE9,PS1)小鼠水迷宫搜索平台时间与路径距离,增强穿越平台次数,显著提升其学习记忆、认知水平与空间辨别能力,降低海马区阳性斑块表达。
2.5 其他
经系统文献分析,小续命汤不仅在上述疾病的治疗中展现出显著的疗效,其应用范围还进一步拓展至多种神经系统疾病领域,具体见表3。
3 小续命汤在神经系统疾病中的作用机制研究
3.1 抗氧化应激
小续命汤能多靶点、多途径发挥抗氧化作用,调节活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)代谢平衡,强化机体的氧化防御系统[75]。具体来说,小续命汤能降低急性脑梗死患者体内SOD含量并下调氧糖剥夺的星形胶质细胞中锰SOD(MnSOD)水平消除过量的ROS,清除氧自由基,减轻细胞损伤[76-77]。此外,小续命汤通过激活腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(adenosine 5‘-monophosphate-activated protein kinase,AMPK)/沉默信息调节因子1(silent information regulator 1,SIRT1)/叉头蛋白转录因子O1A(Forkhead box protein O1A,FOXO1A)信号通路,促进AMPK磷酸化并提高SIRT1的表达,引发FOXO1A去乙酰化,发挥抗氧化作用。进一步研究发现,该方或其有效成分还能降低脑梗死及衰老模型大鼠模型脑组织中丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量与一氧化氮合酶(nitric oxide synthase,NOS)活性,上调谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)、GSH过氧化物酶(GSH peroxidase,GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶水平,调节脑内氧化-抗氧化机制[78-80]。
3.2 保护神经血管单元
神经血管单元由神经元、神经胶质细胞、血管细胞等组成,是调节大脑生理活动、维持大脑内环境稳态的结构单位。在脑血管疾病、认知障碍等神经系统疾病中发挥重要作用[81-82]。小续命汤可激活磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B通路,钝化脑缺血再灌注大鼠缺血侧皮层中PTEN(第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源基因)、丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶同工酶1、蛋白激酶B、糖原合成酶激酶-3β蛋白磷酸化水平,改善神经元、胶质细胞等损伤[83]。能下调基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)-9、MMP-2和血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)含量,减弱血脑屏障损伤,并通过调控缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)/VEGF通路抑制HIF-1α蛋白的表达保护神经血管单元[84-85]。另外,小续命汤能增加突触素和突触后致密蛋白95的含量,上调神经元标志物神经元核蛋白及相关突触蛋白神经丝蛋白200、微管相关蛋白2的荧光度,优化突触形态和可塑性,改善神经损伤[86-87]。此外,小续命汤还能减轻面神经麻痹患者面神经元轴索变性,缓解神经脱髓鞘及神经鞘膜的缺血缺氧状态,发挥神经保护机制[53]。
3.3 调节线粒体自噬
线粒体自噬作为一种细胞保护机制,对细胞代谢和稳态至关重要,在神经系统功能调节上不可或缺[88]。小续命汤被证实能抑制脑缺血再灌注大鼠模型缺血皮层中自噬标志物LC3与溶酶体关联膜蛋白1结合,降低自噬必需物Beclin 1和核因子κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)p65表达,减少p62向线粒体易位,抑制线粒体过度自噬,促进神经功能恢复[89-90]。然而,在脑出血小鼠中,该药物能明显促进线粒体自噬,提升Beclin 1、LC3-Ⅱ、PINK1、Parkin表达水平[91],这一发现得到王连辉等[92]的进一步验证,并指出该促进自噬作用与PINK1/Parkin通路的调节有关。针对这种情况,杜肖[93]作出了解释:在脑缺血再灌注发生后48 h内,小续命汤抑制线粒体自噬,随着时间延长,小续命汤对线粒体自噬的抑制作用消失;96 h后,其有效成分明显激活自噬受体B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)/腺病毒E1B相互作用蛋白3表达,增加LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ的比值,促进受损线粒体的自噬性清除。
3.4 改善细胞凋亡
研究表明,小续命汤能抑制线粒体p53通路,调节抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2与促凋亡蛋白Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bcl-2 related X protein,Bax)平衡,抑制细胞色素C和Smac/DIABLO表达,最终降低半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶(cystein-asparate protease,Caspase)-9和Caspase3等凋亡因子释放[94-96]。提升脑缺血区域的线粒体内膜蛋白抗体(Mitofilin)蛋白水平,恢复线粒体功能,提高呼吸酶活性与氧化磷酸化效率并通过调控Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)/髓样分化因子初次应答基因88(myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88,MyD88)/NF-κB通路降低组织中凋亡蛋白表达,改善细胞凋亡[85, 97-98]。高浓度的NO是介导细胞坏死性和凋亡性死亡的途径 [99]。王晋平等[100]发现脑梗死大鼠血浆中的NO及NOS活力与小续命汤呈剂量相关性下降趋势,间接抑制神经细胞凋亡。
3.5 抑制炎症反应
炎症反应在神经系统疾病进展中占据重要地位。疾病触发时,星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞等被激活,释放多种促炎因子,驱动疾病反应。研究表明,小续命汤能抑制面神经麻痹患者体内TNF-α、IL-6等促炎因子水平,增强CD3+、CD4+、Treg等免疫表达[101]。通过抑制miR-9-5p和下调TLR4/MyD88通路降低脂多糖诱导的小胶质细胞中IL-1β等炎症因子含量,抑制小胶质细胞活化,减轻神经炎症反应[102- 103]。蔡昱哲等[104]发现小续命汤通过抑制HIF-1α/NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白通路下调消皮素D(gasdermin D,GSDMD)等相关焦亡蛋白与mRNA表达,降低脑梗死大鼠IL-18等含量,减轻细胞焦亡这一炎性死亡方式。此外,小续命汤能下调脑梗死及阿尔兹海默病模型大鼠皮质或海马中胶质纤维酸性蛋白和血小板反应蛋白1表达,抑制星形胶质细胞活化,减轻结构损伤和中枢神经炎症反应[59, 105-107]。
3.6 调节代谢
脂质代谢紊乱与脑缺血、阿尔兹海默病等中枢神经系统疾病的发生密切相关。研究发现小续命汤能上调单羧酸转运蛋白-2促进乳酸转运,改善脑缺血再灌注引起的能量代谢与乳酸-丙氨酸穿梭紊乱;提高所有脑区N-乙酰天冬氨酸代谢水平;促进肠道有益微生物群及短链脂肪酸产生,通过调节脑肠轴促进脑卒中的恢复[108]。网络药理学研究表明,小续命汤治疗阿尔兹海默病的潜在机制可能与调节脂质代谢与动脉粥样硬化通路、晚期糖基化终末产物-晚期糖基化终末产物受体信号通路相关[57]。另有研究表明,小续命汤能显著降低高脂血症小鼠的总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,同时提升高密度脂蛋白胆固醇表达,进而降低阿尔兹海默病发生的潜在风险[109-110]。
3.7 改善血液循环
近年来,研究者揭示神经系统与血液循环系统之间存在紧密的结构与功能耦合[111]。局部血管微循环障碍被认为是面神经麻痹的主要机制之一 [112]。小续命汤中的化合物能成功对接5种G蛋白偶联受体靶点,通过调节G蛋白偶联受体活性来改善血管张力、扩张血管及微循环,促进神经功能恢复[113-114]。小续命汤联合针灸通过降低缺血性卒中患者内皮素水平并提升降钙素基因相关肽来改善血管供血状况[115]。同时其含药血清通过抑制肌球蛋白轻链激酶/肌球蛋白20 kD轻链途径减少由内皮素-1引发的血管平滑肌细胞增殖和迁移,进而改善血管壁厚度和供血,有效缓解神经系统症状[116]。
3.8 抑制铁死亡
铁死亡是一种铁依赖的细胞死亡形式,Fe2+在脑内聚集,导致细胞受损,引发神经功能障碍 [117]。赵悦等[118]发现,小续命汤醇提物能有效改善Glu诱导的小鼠神经元细胞线粒体结构,提高GSH表达,降低MDA、4-羟基壬烯醛及Fe2+等铁死亡关键指标,其可能机制在于减少Fe2+聚集、降低脂质过氧化物浓度、进而改善线粒体形态,最终抑制阿尔兹海默病模型细胞的铁死亡进程。为了更直观地展示小续命汤对神经系统疾病的作用机制,本文绘制了小续命汤对神经系统的部分作用机制图,具体见图1。
4 结语
目前研究表明,小续命汤能通过抗氧化、抑炎、调节代谢等多机制发挥神经保护作用。其安全性高,有效成分组复杂,机制明确且多样,在脑卒中、面神经麻痹、眩晕等神经系统疾病中被广泛应用。鉴于神经系统疾病呈现形式多样、病理过程复杂,小续命汤针对不同疾病作用机制侧重点也有差异。如铁死亡与阿尔兹海默病发病过程类似,小续命汤则在阿尔兹海默病的疾病诊疗中,更加靶向侧重抑制细胞铁死亡病理程序;针对脑卒中则更侧重于抗氧化、抗炎等机制;在眩晕的诊疗中更侧重改善血液循环与局部供氧,进而保护神经。然而,现阶段小续命汤在治疗神经系统疾病及其机制方面的研究尚不够全面。例如,其改善血液循环及血管紧张这一机制在偏头痛、血管痉挛性头痛等研究上尚存在空白,今后可开展相关研究以拓展小续命汤的应用范围;此外,小续命汤能通过调节代谢改善神经系统功能,但其代谢途径研究仍不够完善,作用机制尚未明晰,进而导致其在神经系统疾病中的具体代谢影响难以精确界定,未来可加强小续命汤在脂质组学、代谢组学、蛋白组学等方面的研究,以期能更全面、深入地揭示其代谢机制。
近年来,小续命汤在临床应用上已较为普遍,然仍存在许多问题亟待解决和完善:首先,现阶段的临床研究存在评分标准不一致、样本量少等问题,影响患者治疗效果和康复进程,因此可参照药典或相关疾病临床诊疗技术规范标准建立更完善统一的研究方法。其次,小续命汤药味偏多,发挥作用的物质基础尚不明确,且临床应用多采用水煎服的方式,限制了不同剂型的研发,未来应深入研究有效组分,开发针对不同疾病的精简方、变方,提高治疗的针对性、有效性,使患者用药更便捷有效。值得一提的是,提取并纯化药物有效成分能更直接有效地发挥其治疗作用。因此,在研究出小续命汤针对神经系统疾病的有效组分之后,是否能用其代替成方以提高疗效值得进一步探究,为中药现代化和精准医疗提供新的思路。最后,小续命汤在神经系统疾病的应用仍不全面,应注重研究小续命汤对更多神经系统疾病的治疗作用,这将提高小续命汤的临床及经济价值。
1.国家中医药管理局. 古代经典名方目录(第一批)[S]. 2018: 9.
2.南北朝·陈延之, 撰. 高文铸, 辑校. 小品方[M]. 北京: 中国中医药出版社, 1995: 60.
3.唐·孙思邈, 著. 药王全书·备急千金要方[M]. 北京: 华夏出版社, 1995: 139-140.
4.曾瑾, 杨雨婷, 王梦雷, 等. 经典名方小续命汤的历史沿革及临床应用考证[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2022, 28(6): 182-191. [Zeng J, Yang YT, Wang ML, et al. Historical evolution and clinical application of classical prescription Xiao Xuming Tang[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2022, 28(6): 182-191.] DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20220526.
5.廖文琦, 郭迕州, 顾海. 从神经系统疾病治疗看中西医结合[J]. 辽宁中医药大学学报, 2012, 14(11): 90-93. [Liao WQ, Guo WZ, Gu H. Exploration of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine from the treatment of nervous system diseases[J]. Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2012, 14(11): 90-93.] DOI: 10.13194/j.jlunivtcm.2012.11.92.liaowq.068.
6.陈茜睿, 杨志宏. 基于UPLC/Q-TOF-MSE分析小续命汤有效成分组的化学成分[J]. 中国现代中药, 2017, 19(8): 1111-1116. [Chen QR, Yang ZH. UPLC/Q-TOF-MSE based analysis of chemical composition of AF-Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction[J]. Modern Chinese Medicine, 2017, 19(8): 1111-1116.] DOI: 10.13313/j.issn.1673-4890. 2017.8.012.
7.Wang Y, Ding C, Du K,et,al. Identification of active compounds and their metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry from Xiao-xu-ming decoction (XXMD)[J]. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 2009, 23(17): 2724-2732. DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4179.
8.张桥, 沈娟, 赵祎武, 等. 小续命汤有效成分组化学成分研究[J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2015, 17(3): 583-586. [Zhang Q, Shen J, Zhao YW, et al. Chemical constituents in groups of effective components extracted from Xiaoxuming decoction[J]. World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2015, 17(3): 583-586.] DOI: 10.11842/wst.2015.03.027.
9.刘骥飞, 苏刚, 高娟, 等. 黄芩素神经保护作用机制的研究进展[J]. 中国临床药理学杂志, 2019, 35(21): 2773-2776. [Liu JF, Su G, Gao J, et al. Research advances on the neuroprotective effect of baicalein[J]. The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2019, 35(21): 2773-2776.] DOI: 10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2019.21.033.
10.李莉, 孙海洋, 郭雁玲. 小续命汤加减治疗急性缺血性脑卒中(风火上扰证)的疗效分析[J]. 中国中医急症, 2020, 29(4): 683-686. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-745X.2020.04.033.
11.李娟, 李义松, 王亚宁. 小续命汤治疗风痰瘀阻型急性缺血性中风临床观察[J]. 光明中医, 2021, 36(10): 1625-1627. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-8914.2021.10.027.
12.邢会永. 小续命汤加减辅治风痰阻络型中风临床观察[J]. 光明中医, 2019, 34(15): 2319-2321. [Xing HY. Clinical observation on modified Xiaoxueming decoction in the treatment of stroke of obstruction of collateral caused by wind-phlegm[J]. Guangming Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2019, 34(15): 2319-2321.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn. 1003-8914.2019.15.018.
13.翟红. 小续命汤对风痰瘀阻型急性缺血性中风患者临床效果分析[J]. 中医临床研究, 2019, 11(21): 31-32. [Zhai H. Clinical effect analysis of Xiaoxuming decoction on patients with acute ischemic stroke[J]. Clinical Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2019, 11(21): 31-32.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7860.2019.21.014.
14.安龙武. 小续命汤加减辅治中风风痰阻络型临床观察 [J]. 实用中医药杂志, 2019, 35(2): 181. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-2814.2019.02.043.
15.李泽钊, 洪震, 芮汉臣, 等. 小续命汤辅助治疗大面积急性脑梗死的疗效观察[J]. 中国中医急症, 2017, 26(4): 679-681. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-745X.2017.04.036.
16.吴海洋, 王颖, 韩为. 通督调神针刺联合小续命汤加减治疗气虚血瘀型中风临床研究[J]. 山东中医杂志, 2022, 41(2): 181-185. [Wu HY, Wang Y, Han W. Clinical study on Tongdu Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with modified Xiaoxuming decoction Xiaoxueming on Qi deficiency and blood stasis type apoplexy[J]. Journal of Emergency in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2022, 41(2): 181-185.] DOI: 10.16295/j.cnki.0257-358x.2022.02.009.
17.葛蜜成. 针刺联合小续命汤治疗气虚血瘀型缺血性脑卒中70例[J]. 浙江中医杂志, 2018, 53(1): 39. DOI: 10.13633/j.cnki.zjtcm.2018.01.027.
18.赵光峰, 刘德浪, 许玉皎, 等. 小续命汤在治疗大面积脑梗死后脑水肿的临床作用[J]. 中华中医药学刊, 2023, 41(1): 179-182. [Zhao GF, Liu DL, Xu YJ, et al. Clinical effect of Xiaoxuming decoction treating cerebral edema after large area cerebral infarction[J]. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023, 41(1): 179-182.] DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2023.01.040.
19.巢敏, 刘菊芬. 小续命汤对风痰瘀阻型急性缺血性中风患者神经功能及中医证候的影响[J]. 中国中医药现代远程教育, 2017, 15(1): 58-61. [Chao M, Liu JF. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on neurological function and tcm symptom of patients with acute ischemic stroke of phlegm wind resistance type[J]. Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China, 2017, 15(1): 58-61.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2779.2017.01.026.
20.周叶, 陆征宇, 赵虹. 小续命汤治疗风痰瘀阻型急性缺血性中风的临床研究[J]. 中西医结合心脑血管病杂志, 2015, 13(13): 1483-1486. [Zhou Y, Lu ZY, Zhao H. Clinical observation on Xiaoxuming decoction in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke with wind phlegm obstruction syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, 2015, 13(13): 1483-1486.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1349. 2015.13.004.
21.黄水明, 甘选胜, 黄思聪. 颞三针联合小续命汤治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的效果观察[J]. 深圳中西医结合杂志, 2021, 31(6): 73-74. DOI: 10.16458/j.cnki.1007-0893. 2021.06.031.
22.安鑫. 增减小续命汤治疗缺血性中风(风火上扰型)急性期的临床观察[D]. 济南: 山东中医药大学, 2017. DOI: CNKI:CDMD:2.1016.321506.
23.周明铭, 洪锋, 张坤等. 小续命汤化裁合推拿治疗急性脑梗死偏瘫(阳虚证)的效果观察[J]. 中西医结合心脑血管病杂志, 2021, 19(18): 3196-3199. DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2021.18.030.
24.李晓伟. 小续命汤辅治急性期脑梗死疗效分析[J]. 实用中医药杂志, 2021, 37(4): 619-620. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-ZYAO202104051.htm.
25.魏艳, 王晓燕. 黄芪合小续命汤治疗缺血性中风急性期(本气不足、痰瘀阻络)的临床效果[J]. 临床医学研究与实践, 2019, 4(16): 116-117, 120. [Wei Y, Wang XY. Clinical effect of Huangqi and Xiaoxuming decoction in acute stage of ischemic stroke (deficiency of qi, obstruction of collaterals by phlegm and stasis)[J]. Clinical Research and Practice, 2019, 4(16): 116-117, 120.] DOI: 10.19347/j.cnki.2096-1413.201916048.
26.柯婧怡, 许翊坂, 颜君. 小续命汤中药熏洗在改善脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢功能中的作用[J].中外医学研究, 2021, 19(9): 162-164. [Ke JY, Xu YB, Yan J. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction fumigation and washing of traditional Chinese medicine on improving lower limb function of stroke patients with hemiplegia[J]. Chinese and Foreign Medical Research, 2021, 19(9): 162-164.] DOI: 10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2021.09.057.
27.王磊, 张雨帆, 李珉星, 等. 小续命汤加减联合康复训练治疗对脑卒中后下肢功能障碍的影响[J]. 河南中医, 2023, 43(5): 725-729. [Wang L, Zhang YF, Li MX, et al. The influence of modified minor life-sustaining decoction combined with rehabilitation training on lower limb dysfunction after stroke[J]. Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023, 43(5): 725-729.] DOI: 10.16367/j.issn.1003-5028.2023.05.0147.
28.丁亮吾, 王新志. 小续命汤联合针刺治疗脑梗死后肢体功能障碍60例[J]. 河南中医, 2020, 40(7): 1051-1053. [Ding LW, Wang XZ. Sixty cases of limb dysfunction after cerebral infarction treated with minor life-prolonging decoction in combination with acupuncture therapy[J]. Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020, 40(7): 1051-1053.] DOI: 10.16367/j.issn.1003-5028.2020.07.0266.
29.玄丽娜, 栾春娜, 陈娜, 等. 小续命汤治疗中风后轻度认知障碍的临床疗效研究[J]. 中医临床研究, 2022, 14(24): 23-26. [Xuan LN, Luan CN, Chen N, et al. Clinical effect of Xiao Xuming decoction on mild cognitive impairment after stroke[J]. Clinical Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2022, 14(24): 23-26.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7860.2022.24.009.
30.黄子芳, 张田伟. 中风偏瘫患者应用小续命汤加减配合针灸阴阳平衡疗法的临床效果观察[J]. 中西医结合心血管病电子杂志, 2021, 9(18): 75-77, 80. DOI: 10.16282/j.cnki.cn11-9336/r.2021.18.032.
31.刘雪梅. 小续命汤加减对脑卒中恢复期偏瘫阳虚证的临床研究[J]. 医药论坛杂志, 2022, 43(17): 93-96. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-HYYX202217027.htm.
32.张利涛. 小续命汤加减对中风恢复期偏瘫阳虚证患者的临床疗效观察[J]. 疾病监测与控制, 2019, 13(4): 288-289, 292. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-JBJK201904014.htm.
33.赵军. 小续命汤加减应用在中风偏瘫患者治疗中的临床效果研究[J]. 世界最新医学信息文摘, 2018, 18(A4): 235, 240. DOI: 10.19613/j.cnki.1671-3141.2018.104.158.
34.刘薇, 叶晓红, 朱文宗, 等. 小续命汤联合常规疗法治疗中风(风痰阻络证)后上肢肌痉挛的临床研究[J]. 上海中医药杂志, 2021, 55(8): 63-66. [Liu W, Ye XH, Zhu WZ, et al. Clinical study on Xiaoxuming decoction combined with conventional therapy in treating post-stroke upper limb spasticity(wind-phlegm obstructing collaterals syndrome)[J]. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2021, 55(8): 63-66.] DOI: 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2021.2101022.
35.赵梦月. 小续命汤加减联合经颅磁治疗卒中后下肢肌痉挛风痰阻络型的临床观察[D]. 济南: 山东中医药大学, 2023. https://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10441-1023095619.htm.
36.张香妮, 张瑾, 潘慧滢, 等. 小续命汤治疗中风后疲劳的临床研究[J]. 中西医结合心血管病电子杂志, 2020, 8(32): 168-169, 172. DOI: 10.16282/j.cnki.cn11-9336/r.2020.32.119.
37.王聪, 孙晓莽, 王琛, 等. 小续命汤合百合地黄汤治疗卒中后抑郁(PSD)忧郁伤神证的GC-MS研究 [J]. 临床研究, 2023, 31(7): 84-87. [Wang C, Sun XM, Wang C, et al. GC-MS study of Xiaoxuming decoction and Baihe Dihuang decoction in the treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD) with depression syndrome[J]. Clinical Research, 2023, 31(7): 84-87.] DOI: 10.12385/j.issn. 2096- 1278(2023)07-0084-04.
38.王献敬, 金广辉. 金广辉老师应用小续命汤治疗中风后下肢动脉硬化闭塞症验案[J]. 世界最新医学信息文摘, 2017, 17(2): 254-255. DOI: CNKI:SUN:WMIA. 0.2017-02-227.
39.苏木琼, 陈庆雨, 张婧文. 小续命汤加减治疗脑梗死恢复期运动功能障碍对Barthel指数、Fugl-Meyer评分及睡眠质量的改善[J]. 世界睡眠医学杂志, 2023, 10(9): 2061-2063. [Su MQ, Chen QY, Zhang JW. The improvement of Barthel index, fugl-meyer score and sleep quality in the recovery period of cerebral infarction were analyzed[J]. World Journal of Sleep Medicine, 2023, 10(9): 2061-2063.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-7130. 2023.09.021.
40.闫会芳. 小续命汤加减治疗特发性面神经麻痹[J]. 中国民间疗法, 2016, 24(4): 61-62. DOI: 10.19621/j.cnki. 11-3555/r.2016.04.054.
41.卢顺清. 小续命汤配合针刺治疗面神经炎30例[J]. 世界最新医学信息文摘, 2015, 15(98): 91-92. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-3141.2015.98.065.
42.严湘凤, 严寒. 小续命汤加减治疗面神经麻痹30例 [J]. 湖南中医杂志, 2006, 22(3): 63. DOI: 10.16808/j.cnki.issn 1003-7705.2006.03.039.
43.石铎, 赵杰, 冯晓丹. 赵杰教授应用小续命汤加减治疗特发性面神经炎经验[J]. 中医临床研究, 2022, 14(13): 114-116. [Shi D, Zhao J, Feng XD. The experience of professor ZHAO Jie in treating idiopathic facial neuritis with the Xiaoxuming decoction[J]. Clinical Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2022, 14(13): 114-116.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7860.2022.13.034.
44.于立, 马忠金. 小续命汤加减治疗风寒型面神经炎的疗效探讨[J]. 基层医学论坛, 2017, 21(19): 2556-2557. DOI: 10.19435/j.1672-1721.2017.19.070.
45.何可旺, 陈翼, 吴清明. 针刺配合小续命汤加减治疗急性期风寒型面瘫25例疗效观察[J]. 湖南中医杂志, 2018, 34(4): 89-90. DOI: 10.16808/j.cnki.issn1003-7705. 2018.04.038.
46.邸亚芹, 荀晶, 邹积莹. 小续命汤加减治疗周围性面瘫急性期(风寒袭络证)的疗效观察[J]. 中国中医急症, 2022, 31(6): 1074-1076. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-745X.2022.06.039.
47.莫英超. 梅花针刺法联合小续命汤加味治疗风寒阻络型周围性面瘫临床研究[J]. 新中医, 2022, 54(10): 168-172. [Mo YC. Clinical study on acupuncture method of plum-blossom needle combined with modified Xiaoxuming Tang for peripheral facial paralysis of wind-cold obstructing the collaterals type[J]. Journal of New Chinese Medicine, 2022, 54(10): 168-172.] DOI: 10.13457/j.cnki.jncm.2022.10.039.
48.梁湘钰, 邱龙, 邢艺子, 等. 岭南火针联合小续命汤治疗风寒袭络型周围性面瘫的临床观察[J]. 广州中医药大学学报, 2023, 40(12): 3078-3083. [Liang XY,Qiu L, Xing YZ, et al. Clinical observation on the treatment of peripheral clinical observation on the Lingnan fire needling combined with Xiao Xuming decoction in the treatment of facial paralysis with wind-cold attacking the channels and collaterals syndrome[J]. Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023, 40(12): 3078-3083.] DOI: 10.13359/j.cnki.gzxbtcm.2023.12.019.
49.贾洪昶, 吴罡, 李土龙, 等. 小续命汤加减结合子午流注针法治疗周围性面瘫体会[J]. 按摩与康复医学, 2021, 12(16): 71-73. [Jia HC, Wu G, Li TL, et al. Experience in ereatment of modified Xiaoxuming decoction combined with midnight-noon ebb-flow acupuncture on peripheral facial paralysis[J]. Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation, 2021, 12(16): 71-73.] DOI: 10.19787/j.issn.1008-1879.2021.16.028.
50.严寒. 小续命汤加减配合艾灸治疗面神经麻痹35例总结[J]. 湖南中医杂志, 2014, 30(8): 70-71. DOI: 10.16808/j.cnki.issn1003-7705.2014.08.034.
51.陈光辉. 小续命汤合艾灸治疗面瘫56例[J]. 河南中医学院学报, 2006, 21(5): 66. [Chen GH. 56 cases of peripheral facial palsy in small emergency decoction and moxibustion[J]. China Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2006, 21(5): 66.] DOI: 10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2006.05.048.
52.王松荣. 小续命汤加味和外敷巴豆法治面神经麻痹500例临床小结[J]. 新中医, 1986, (5): 27-28. DOI: 10.13457/j.cnki.jncm.1986.05.013.
53.宋曦, 李雯, 赖海燕. 小续命汤对周围型面神经麻痹疗效及神经电生理干预[J]. 中医药临床杂志, 2017, 29(10): 1741-1744. [Song X, Li W, Lai HY. Observation of the treatment of peripheral facial paralysis and neural electrophysiological intervention by Xiaoxuming decoction[J]. Clinical Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2017, 29(10): 1741-1744.] DOI: 10.16448/j.cjtcm.2017.0580.
54.许程燕, 吕江华, 蒙燕颖. 小续命汤加减治疗后循环缺血性眩晕36例临床观察[J]. 深圳中西医结合杂志, 2017, 27(18): 50-51. DOI: 10.16458/j.cnki.1007-0893. 2017.18.023.
55.张志银. 小续命汤加味祛风通络治疗顽固性高血压验案举隅[J]. 辽宁中医药大学学报, 2008, 10(2): 135-136.DOI: 10.13194/j.jlunivtcm.2008.02.137.zhangzhy.067.
56.申艳佳, 庞晓丛, 张宝月, 等. 复方小续命汤防治阿尔茨海默病的物质基础探究[J]. 中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 2019, 33(9): 716-717. DOI: CNKI:SUN:YLBS. 0.2019-09-135.
57.邹旭欢, 付雪琴, 王玮玮, 等. 基于网络药理学和分子对接分析小续命汤治疗阿尔茨海默病的作用机制 [J]. 中西医结合心脑血管病杂志, 2023, 21(19): 3497-3506. [Zou XH, Fu XQ, Wang WW, et al. Mechanism of Xiaoxuming decoction in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, 2023, 21(19): 3497-3506.] DOI: 10.12102/j.issn.1672-1349.2023.19.004.
58.王月华, 杜冠华. 复方小续命汤抗AD有效成分组研究[J]. 中成药, 2005, 27(9): 993-996. [Wang YH, Du GH. Effective components combination of Xiaoxuming decoction on anti-Alzheimer's disease[J]. Chinese Traditional Patent Medicine, 2005, 27(9): 993-996.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1528.2005.09.001.
59.毛敬洁, 陈亚萍, 林如辉, 等. 小续命汤对APP/PS1转基因鼠海马区Aβ、GFAP蛋白的影响及其行为学分析 [J]. 康复学报, 2016, 26(4): 28-33. [Mao JJ, Chen YP, Lin RH, et al. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on Aβ and GFAP protein expressions in hippocampus of APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and its behavior analysis[J]. Rehabilitation Medicine, 2016, 26(4): 28-33.] DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1329.2016.04028.
60.沈露, 张金武, 虞冬辉. 小续命汤联合免疫球蛋白对急性格林巴利综合征患者生活活动能力、神经功能缺损程度及CSF蛋白含量的影响[J]. 中国中医急症, 2018, 27(7): 1190-1193. [Shen L, Zhang JW, Yu DH. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction combined with immunoglobulin on the ability of activities and living,the degree of nerve function deficit and content of CSF protein in patients with acute guillian-barre syndrome[J]. Journal of Emergency in Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2018, 27(7): 1190-1193.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-745X.2018.07.017.
61.吴佳玲, 成国华, 熊超. 小续命汤联合糖皮质激素、丙种球蛋白治疗慢性格林巴利综合征的疗效及血清和脑脊液细胞因子的影响[J]. 四川中医, 2021, 39(4): 147-151. [Wu JL, Cheng GH, Xiong C. Curative effect of using Xiaoxuming decoction combined with glucocorticoid and gamma globulin in the treatment of chronic guillain-barre syndrome and its influences on cytokines in serum and cerebrospinal fluid[J]. Journal of Sichuan of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2021, 39(4): 147-151.] https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-SCZY202104043.htm.
62.傅海群, 叶晓红, 宋成城, 等. 从外风论治格林-巴利综合征[J]. 中国中医急症, 2020, 29(3): 542-544. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-745X.2020.03.048.
63.侯晓洁, 代二庆. 小续命汤治疗格林-巴利综合征临床探讨[J]. 天津中医药, 2017, 34(8): 548-549. [Hou XJ, Dai EQ. Clinical study on treatment of Guillain-Barré syndrome with Xiaoxuming decoction[J]. Tianjin Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2017, 34(8): 548-549.] DOI: 10.11656/j.issn.1672-1519.2017.08.13.
64.史佳芯, 陈以国. 陈以国应用小续命汤治疗血虚颤证的临床经验[J]. 中医药临床杂志, 2018, 30(11): 2006-2008. [Shi JX, Chen YG. Clinical experience of CHEN Yiguo in treating blood deficiency syndrome by Xiao Xuming decoction[J]. Clinical Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2018, 30(11): 2006-2008.] DOI: 10.16448/j.cjtcm.2018.0617.
65.黄荣春, 邓新但. 小续命汤加减治疗糖尿病周围神经病变[J]. 吉林中医药, 2010, 30(1): 38-39. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5699.2010.01.021.
66.刘臻华, 刘光炜, 杨维杰, 等. 《古今录验》续命汤联合硫辛酸治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的临床观察[J]. 时珍国医国药, 2015, 26(9): 2189-2191. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0805.2015.09.052.
67.王焱, 邢靖晨, 崔迎霞, 等. 孙宏新应用续命汤治疗肌无力综合征经验[J]. 中医学报, 2018, 33(8): 1431-1434. [Wang Y, Xing JC, Cui YX, et al. Sun Hongxin's experience in treating for cancer myasthenic syndrome with Xuming decoction[J]. China Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2018, 33(8): 1431-1434.] DOI: 10.16368/j.issn.1674-8999.2018.08.340.
68.李晓霞, 黄仕沛. 续命汤治疗重症肌无力临床观察 [J]. 中医临床研究, 2017, 9(6): 84-87. [Li XX, Huang SP. The clinical observation of Xuming decoction in the treatment of myasthenia gravis[J]. Clinical Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2017, 9(6): 84-87.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7860.2017.06.039.
69.李波, 陈晓莉. 小续命汤为基本方加减治疗颈椎病68例[J]. 陕西中医, 2011, 32(1): 54-55. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7369.2011.01.033.
70.孙艳. 针灸理疗联合小续命汤加减治疗神经根型颈椎病临床研究[J]. 亚太传统医药, 2015, 11(12): 91-92. DOI: 10.11954/ytctyy.201512045.
71.李亚飞, 胡梦梦, 侯江红. 基于“九窍相通”理论运用小续命汤论治小儿抽动障碍[J]. 中国民间疗法, 2022, 30(3): 1-3. [Li YF, Hu MM, Hou JH. Application of Xiaoxuming decoction in treating tic disorder in childrenbased on the theory of "nine orifices connected"[J]. China's Naturopathy, 2022, 30(3): 1-3.] DOI: 10.19621/j.cnki.11-3555/r.2022.0301.
72.熊兴江. 《千金要方》小续命汤治疗面神经炎、四肢无力、颈椎病、急性脊髓炎、急性神经根炎、格林巴利综合征、多发性硬化、重症肌无力、运动神经元病、皮肌炎体会[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2020, 45(12): 2735-2751. [Xiong XJ. Experience of treating facial neuritis, unexplained limb weakness, cervical spondylosis, acute myelitis, acute radiculitis, Guillain Barre syndrome, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, motor neuron disease, dermatomyositis with Xiaoxuming decoction[J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2020, 45(12): 2735-2751.] DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200328.501.
73.傅泽锋, 唐军. 小续命汤加减治疗视神经脊髓炎1例[J]. 湖南中医杂志, 2020, 36(3): 76. DOI: 10.16808/j.cnki.issn1003-7705.2020.03.031.
74.董必文. 《古今录验》续命汤加减治疗急性脊髓炎30例疗效观察[J]. 国医论坛, 2011, 26(5): 28. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1078.2011.05.021.
75.Li X, Wang P, Zheng K, et al. The molecular mechanism of Xiaoxuming decoction in the treatment of ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology and molecular docking[J]. MedComm-Future Medicine, 2023, 2(3): e58. DOI: 10.1002/mef2.58.
76.程一升, 程霄霄, 赵元琛, 等. 小续命汤治疗急性脑梗死疗效及对SOD、MCP-1以及BDNF水平的影响 [J]. 中华中医药学刊, 2019, 37(2): 435-437. [Cheng YS, Cheng XX, Zhao YC, et al. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on acute cerebral infarction and effect on levels of SOD, MCP-1 and BDNF[J].Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2019, 37(2): 435-437.] DOI: 10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2019.02.045.
77.向军, 徐莉莉, 杨峰, 等. 小续命汤含药血清对氧糖剥夺模型大鼠星形胶质细胞的保护作用研究[J]. 中国药房, 2021, 32(1): 34-39. [Xiang J, Xu LL, Yang F, et al. Study on protective effects of drug-contained serum of Xiaoxuming decoction on astrocyte of oxygen and glucose deprivation model rats[J]. China Pharmacy, 2021, 32(1): 34-39.] DOI: 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.01.07.
78.钱施艳. 小续命汤对脑缺血再灌注大鼠神经保护的机制研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江中医药大学, 2022. DOI: 10.27465/d.cnki.gzzyc.2022.000195.
79.路畅, 杜肖, 贺晓丽, 等. 小续命汤有效成分组对局灶性脑缺血/再灌注大鼠恢复早期的神经保护作用研究 [J]. 中国药理学通报, 2016, 32(7): 938-944. [Lu C, Du X, He XL, et al. Neuroprotective effect of active components of Xiaoxuming decoction on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats during early recovery period[J]. Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin, 2016, 32(7): 938-944.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1978.2016.07.011.
80.王月华, 杜冠华. 复方“小续命汤”有效成分组对试验性衰老大鼠的作用[J]. 中成药, 2006, 28(1): 67-71. [Wang YH, Du GH. Effect of the group of effective components of Chinese medical prescription-Xiaoxuming decoction on aging rats[J]. Chinese Traditional Patent Medicine, 2006, 28(1): 67-71.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn. 1001-1528.2006.01.022.
81.Wang L, Xiong X, Zhang L, et al. Neurovascular unit: a critical role in ischemic stroke[J]. CNS Neurosci Ther, 2021, 27(1): 7-16. DOI: 10.1111/cns.13561.
82.刘璇, 尹榕. 神经血管单元功能障碍在老年癫痫发作中的作用机制研究进展[J/OL]. 解放军医学杂志, 2024-07-04. [Liu X, Yin R. Research progress on the role of neurovascular unit dysfunction in elderly patients with epileptic seizures[J/OL]. Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 2024-07-04.] http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1056.R.20240703.0958.002.html.
83.Lan R, Xiang J, Zhang Y, et al. PI3K/Akt pathway contributes to neurovascular unit protection of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction against focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013, 2013: 459467. DOI: 10.1155/2013/459467.
84.Lan R, Xiang J, Wang GH, et al. Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction protects against blood-brain barrier disruption and neurological injury induced by cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013, 2013: 629782. DOI: 10.1155/2013/629782.
85.Yang YL, Zhang SS, Liu M, et al. Network pharmacological analysis of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction against ischemic stroke and verification of its mechanism of anti-inflammation and neurovascular protection in vivo[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022, 31(5): 343-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.5246/jcps.2022.05.030.
86.付雪琴, 兰瑞, 张勇, 等. 小续命汤对急性脑缺血再灌注大鼠突触可塑性的影响[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2023, 48(14): 3882-3889. [Fu XQ, Lan R, Zhang Y, et al. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on synaptic plasticity following acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats[J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2023, 48(14): 3882-3889.] DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20230403.403.
87.王漫漫, 兰瑞, 张勇, 等. 小续命汤对OGD/R诱导HT22细胞损伤后突触可塑性的影响[J]. 中国病理生理杂志, 2024, 40(1): 126-133. [Wang MM, Lan R, Zhang Y, et al. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on OGD/R-induced synaptic plasticity in HT22 cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology, 2024, 40(1): 126-133.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4718.2024.01.016.
88.梁钰莹, 黄泳, 刘俊升, 等. 自噬与神经系统疾病 [J]. 中国比较医学杂志, 2024, 34(3): 111-119. [Liang YY, Huang Y, Liu JS, et al. Autophagy and neurological diseases[J]. Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine, 2024, 34(3): 111-119.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-7856. 2024.03.014.
89.Lan R, Zhang Y, Wu T, et al. Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction reduced mitophagy activation and improved mitochondrial function in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury[J]. Behav Neurol, 2018, 2018: 4147502.DOI: 10.1155/2018/4147502.
90.吴海洋, 王颖. 小续命汤联合超早期针刺督脉对于脑缺血再灌注模型大鼠自噬相关蛋白NF-κB p65的影响 [J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2020, 26(18): 30-35. [Wu HY, Wang Y. Effect of Xiao Xumingtang combined with ultra-acupuncture along governor meridian on autophagy-related protein NF-κB p65 in cerebral ischemia reperfusion model[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2020, 26(18): 30-35.] DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20201606.
91.郭亚净, 任静, 刘寒, 等. 小续命汤对脑出血小鼠脑组织中线粒体凋亡和自噬的影响[J]. 河北中医药学报, 2022, 37(3): 1-6, 21. [Guo YJ, Ren J, Liu H, et al. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on mitochondrial apoptosis and autophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage mice[J]. Journal of Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology, 2022, 37(3): 1-6, 21.] DOI: 10.16370/j.cnki.13-1214/r.2022.03.001.
92.王连辉, 米国青, 薛满中. 基于PINK1/Parkin通路探讨小续命汤调控急性脑缺血再灌注后线粒体自噬的分子机制及神经细胞凋亡的影响[J]. 中医药导报, 2022, 28(1): 36-40, 44. [Wang LH, Mi GQ, Xue MZ. Study of molecular mechanism of Xiaoxuming decoction regulating mitochondrial autophagy after acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and its effect on neuronal cell apoptosis based on PINK1/Parkin pathway[J]. Guiding Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, 2022, 28(1): 36-40, 44.] DOI: 10.13862/j.cnki.cn43-1446/r.2022.01.044.
93.杜肖. 从调控线粒体自噬探讨小续命汤有效成分组对缺血性脑卒中的作用机制[D]. 北京: 北京协和医学院, 2018. DOI: 10.7666/d.Y3278230.
94.Lan R, Zhang Y, Xiang J, et al. Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction preserves mitochondrial integrity and reduces apoptosis after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion via the mitochondrial p53 pathway[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2014, 151(1): 307-316. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.042.
95.Zhu XH, Li SJ, Hu HH, et al. Neuroprotective effects of xiao-xu-ming decoction against ischemic neuronal injury in vivo and in vitro[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2010, 127(1): 38-46. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.054.
96.王月华, 贺晓丽, 李晓秀, 等. 小续命汤有效成分组对慢性脑缺血大鼠脑线粒体的保护作用[J]. 中西医结合学报, 2012, 10(5): 569-576. [Wang YH, He XL, Li XX, et al. Effects of the effective component group of Chinese herbal medicine Xiaoxuming decoction on brain mitochondria in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia[J].Journal of Ihtegrative Medicine, 2012, 10(5): 569-576.] DOI: 10.3736/jcim20120513.
97.杜肖, 路畅, 贺晓丽, 等. 小续命汤有效成分组对脑缺血/再灌注大鼠恢复早期脑线粒体的保护作用研究[J].中国中药杂志, 2017, 42(11): 2139-2145. [Du X, Lu C, He XL, et al. Effects of active components group of Xiaoxuming decoction on brain mitochondria in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats during early recovery period[J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2017, 42(11): 2139-2145.] DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2017.0095.
98.兰瑞, 张勇, 马云枝, 等. 小续命汤对急性脑缺血再灌注线粒体相关蛋白Hsp60、Mitofilin表达的影响 [J]. 新中医, 2018, 50(10): 9-13. [Lan R, Zhang Y, Ma YZ, et al. Xiaoxuming Tang has effect on expression of mitochondria-related protein Hsp60 and mitofilin in acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion[J]. Journal of New Chinese Medicine, 2018, 50(10): 9-13.] DOI: 10.13457/j.cnki.jncm.2018.10.003.
99.Zheng L, Ding J, Wang J, et al. Effects and mechanism of action of inducible nitric oxide synthase on apoptosis in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury[J]. Anat Rec (Hoboken), 2016, 299(2): 246-55. DOI: 10.1002/ar.23295.
100.王晋平, 唐农. 小续命汤对急性缺血性中风模型大鼠血浆一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶的影响[J]. 深圳中西医结合杂志, 2009, 19(1): 13-15, 26. [Wang JP, Tang N. The curative effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on the content of nitric oxide and the activity of nitric oxide synthase in the serum of patients with acute cerebral infarction[J]. Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, 2009, 19(1): 13-15, 26.] DOI: 10.16458/j.cnki.1007-0893.2009.01.009.
101.张海燕, 肖洪波, 朱庆军, 等. 小续命汤联合针刺治疗周围性面神经麻痹急性期风寒袭络证的随机对照研究 [J]. 中药新药与临床药理, 2021, 32(6): 873-879. [Zhang HY, Xiao HB, Zhu QJ, et al. Randomized controlled study of Xiaoxuming Tang with acupuncture on acute peripheral facial paralysis with syndrome of wind cold attacking collaterals[J]. Traditional Chinese Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacology, 2021, 32(6): 873-879.] DOI: 10.19378/j.issn.1003-9783.2021.06.018.
102.Wang M, Yang Y, Guo Y, et al. Xiaoxuming decoction cutting formula reduces LPS-stimulated inflammation in BV-2 cells by regulating miR-9-5p in microglia exosomes[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2023, 14: 1183612. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1183612.
103.Cheng X, Yang H, Yang Y, et al. Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction extract alleviates LPS-induced neuroinflammation associated with down-regulating TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019, 28(2): 88-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5246/jcps.2019.02.009.
104.蔡昱哲, 李定祥, 罗政, 等. 基于HIF-1α/NLRP3途径介导细胞焦亡探讨《古今录验》续命汤治疗缺血性卒中的机制[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2023, 29(17): 9-17. [Cai YZ, Li DX, Luo Z, et al. Mechanism of Xumingtang in Gu Jin Lu Yan for treatment of ischemic stroke based on HIF-1α/NLRP3 pathway-mediated pyroptosis[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2023, 29(17): 9-17.] DOI: 10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20231007.
105.Shen Y, Zhang B, Pang X, et al. Network pharmacology-based analysis of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction on the treatment of Alzheimer's disease[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11: 595254. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.595254.
106.付雪琴, 王漫漫, 兰瑞, 等. 小续命汤对急性脑缺血再灌注损伤星形胶质细胞活化的影响[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2023, 48(21): 5830-5837. [Fu XQ, Wang MM, Lan R, et al. Effect of Xiaoxuming DECOction on activation of astrocytes in acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury[J]. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 2023, 48(21): 5830-5837.] DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20230706.401.
107.王月华, 贺晓丽, 杨海光, 等. 小续命汤有效成分对慢性脑缺血大鼠学习记忆能力及病理损伤的影响 [J]. 中西医结合学报, 2012, 10(1): 91-99. [Wang YH, He XL, Yang HG, et al. Effects of the active components of Chinese herbal medicine Xiaoxuming decoction on memory behavior and brain injury in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia[J]. Journal of Ihtegrative Medicine, 2012, 10(1): 91-99.] DOI: 10.3736/jcim20120114.
108.Wu Z, Qian S, Zhao L, et al. Metabolomics-based study of the potential interventional effects of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rats[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2022, 295: 115379. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115379.
109.卢成杰. 调胃续命汤合熊胆散方对高脂血症小鼠血脂的影响[D]. 吉林延边: 延边大学, 2013. https://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10184-1013320973.htm.
110.关建红, 王世民. 小续命汤降脂作用初探[J]. 山西医药杂志, 1996, (4): 51-52. DOI: CNKI:SUN:SXYY.0. 1996-04-034.
111.崔晗. 基于血液循环信息的神经肌肉功能评估及其在面瘫和偏瘫中的应用研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院大学, 2019. https://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-80177-1019828476.htm.
112.Eviston TJ, Croxson GR, Kennedy PG, et al. Bell's palsy: aetiology, clinical features and multidisciplinary care[J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2015, 86(12): 1356-1361. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309563.
113.Shen Y, Yang R, Zhou R, et al. Xiaoxuming decoction regulates vascular function by modulating G protein-coupled receptors: a molecular docking study[J]. Biomed Res Int, 2021, 2021: 5575443. DOI: 10.1155/2021/5575443.
114.Lu WD, Li L, Shen YJ, et al. Network pharmacology study of Xiaoxuming decoction based on vasodilatory and vasoconstrictory related GPCR targets[J]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, 2018, 43(23): 4698-4708. DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20181009.004.
115.王文同, 吴永雄, 肖周华, 等. 小续命汤结合针灸治疗脑梗塞对内皮素和降钙素基因相关肽的影响的方案研究 [J]. 中医临床研究, 2021, 13(5): 83-85. [Wang WT, Wu YX, Xiao ZH, et al. A study on the effect of the Xiaoxuming decoction plus acupuncture on endothelin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in patients with cerebral infarction[J]. Clinical Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2021, 13(5): 83-85.] DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7860.2021.05.026.
116.武博文. 小续命汤有效成分干预冠状动脉综合征分子机制[D]. 石家庄: 河北中医学院, 2023. DOI: 10.27982/d.cnki.ghbyz.2021.000130.
117.Ma H, Dong Y, Chu Y, et al. The mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in Alzheimer's disease[J]. Front Mol Biosci, 2022, 9: 965064. DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.965064.
118.赵悦, 毛敬洁, 黄云梅, 等. 小续命汤醇提物对谷氨酸诱导小鼠海马神经元细胞铁死亡的影响[J]. 福建中医药, 2023, 54(5): 28-31. [Zhao Y, Mao JJ, Huang YM, et al. Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on glutamate-induced ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons in mouse[J]. Fujian Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023, 54(5): 28-31.] DOI: 10.13260/j.cnki.jfjtcm.2023.05009.