Objective  Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect aflatoxins in Sterculiae Lychnophorae Semen, and the test results and methodological of the two methods were compared.

Methods  UPLC-MS/MS method was used to measure the samples: the Sterculiae Lychnophorae Semen were extracted with 70% methanol and purified by immune affinity column and separated by the C₁₈ (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column (temperature: 40℃) and the mobile phase was water [contains 0.1% formic acid (A)] -methanol [contains 0.1% formic acid (B)] at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min^-1. Multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) was performed to identify, and positive and negative ions were scanned at the same time for data acquisition. Simultaneously, ELISA method was used to measure the same samples, and the samples were extracted by methanol and reacted with enzyme-linked immunoassay kit.

Results  Good linearity was obtained in UPLC-MS/MS method in detecting the four aflatoxins (B₁, B₂, G₁, G₂). The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.013 5, 0.002 9, 0.008 6, 0.003 6 μg·kg^-1 and the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.045 0, 0.009 8, 0.028 6, 0.011 9 μg·kg^-1, respectively. The sample recovery rates were 98.98%, 100.32%, 98.53%, 99.56%, and the RSD was not greater than 2.42% (n=9). The LOQ of aflatoxin B1 and total amount by ELISA were 0.16, 0.08 μg·kg^-1, and the LOD were 0.05 and 0.02 μg·kg^-1, respectively. The recoveries were 93.07% and 89.67%, and the RSD was not greater than 13.99% (n=9). Comparing the measurement results of the two methods, the relative deviation of the results of the two methods is between 3.46% and 7.63%.

Conclusion  The UPLC-MS/MS method has a lower LOQ and high sample recovery rate. It is specific, simple, fast and sensitive and can get reliable results. Compared with the UPLC-MS/MS method, the ELISA method in the determination of the total amount of aflatoxin and aflatoxin B1 in the Sterculiae Lychnophorae Semen showed little difference in the results, and no false positive results occurred.  

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