Objective  To establish a ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprint of extract of Cuscutae Semen, and analyze the relationship between the UPLC fingerprint and antioxidant activity.

Methods  The fingerprint of 11 batches of extract of Cuscutae Semen were determined by UPLC method, the antioxidant activity of Cuscutae Semen in vitro was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine radical, 2,2-diazo-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid) diamine salt, and the correlation between the fingerprints and antioxidant activity was analyzed by orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) and gray correlation method. The key substances that contributed greatly to the antioxidant activity were selected.

Results  The extract of Cuscutae Semen contains 21 common peaks, all of which exhibited a similarity of more than 0.97. By comparing with the reference sample, 10 peaks were identified, of which peak 5 was neochlorogenic acid, peak 8 was chlorogenic acid, peak 9 was cryptochlorogenic acid, peak 10 was caffeic acid, peak 12 was coumaric acid, peak 15 was hyperin, peak 16 was isoquercitrin, peak 17 was astragaloside, peak 20 was quercetin, and peak 21 was kaempferol. According to the grey correlation degree and OPLS results, the peaks 8, 15, 16 and 18 were positively correlated with the antioxidant activity, and were thus considered to be main effective components.

Conclusion  The antioxidant activity of Cuscutae Semen is the result of the combined effect of multiple components. The fingerprint and antioxidant spectrum analysis can provide evidential reference for further research of Cuscutae Semen.

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