Objective  To explore the efficacy of bifidobacterium triple viable capsules (BVC) combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).

Methods  Patients diagnosed and treated with PSCI in Taizhou Rehabilitation Hospital between January 2022 and January 2024 were retrospectively included. They were divided into a combination group (BVC combined with tDCS) and a tDCS group (tDCS) according to the treatment regimens. Efficacy endpoints included clinical effective rate, as well as alterations in cognitive function (MMSE and MoCA scores), sleep quality (PSQI score), quality of life (SS-QOL score), the change of neurochemical indicators (Hcy, BDNF, and NES) were evaluated after 4 weeks.

Results  A total of 95 patients were included in the study, with 53 in the combination group and 42 in the tDCS group. The clinical effective rate in the combination group was significantly higher than that in the tDCS group (P<0.05). After treatment, the MoCA socre, MMSE score, and SS-QOL score in both groups increased significantly compared with the baseline values, whereas the PSQI score decreased significantly (P<0.05). In addition, the MoCA socre, MMSE score, and SS-QOL score in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the tDCS group (P<0.05), while the PSQI score was significantly lower than that in the tDCS group (P<0.05). Otherwise, the levels of Hcy and NSE in the combination group after treatment were significantly lower than those in the tDCS group (P<0.05), while the level of BDNF was significantly higher than that in the tDCS group (P<0.05).

Conclusion  BVC combined with tDCS can improve cognitive function, sleep quality, and quality of life in patients with PSCI effectively, which may be related to the downregulation of neurochemical levels.

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