Objective  To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of Guanxinning combined with nimodipine tablets in the treatment of vascular dementia (VaD), and to investigate the mechanism of Guanxinning from the perspective of inflammatory balance.

Methods  A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of patients treated in the Department of Geriatrics, Zhoushan Second People's Hospital from February 2019 to June 2020. The patients were divided into a combination group (Guanxinning tablets+nimodipine tablets) and a nimodipine group (nimodipine tablets alone) according to their medication regimens. The clinical response rate, clinical scales (MMSE, MoCA, PSQI, and ADL scores), mean cerebral blood flow velocities [middle cerebral artery (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), basilar artery (BA), and vertebral artery (VA)], changes in interleukin-6 (IL- 6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels (from baseline to 12 weeks), and the total incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.

Results  A total of 107 VaD patients were included, including 58 in the combination group and 49 in the nimodipine group. After 12 weeks of treatment, the clinical response rate in the combination group was significantly higher than that in the nimodipine group (94.83% vs. 81.63%, P﹤0.05). Additionally, the combination group showed significantly higher MMSE scores, MoCA scores, ADL scores, mean cerebral blood flow velocities, and serum IL-10 levels, while significantly lower PSQI scores and serum IL-6 levels compared with the nimodipine group (P<0.05). In terms of safety, the adverse reaction rates were similar between the two groups (8.16% vs. 5.17%, P>0.05).

Conclusion  Guanxinning combined with nimodipine tablets has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of VaD patients. It can regulate the cerebral blood flow velocity, inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and promote the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors, and has high safety.

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