Rapid exposure to high-altitude environments characterized by hypobaric hypoxia can induce multi-organ damage in the body. Flavonoids, as a class of safe and effective natural antioxidants, demonstrate significant therapeutic potential in preventing and treating high-altitude hypoxia-induced injuries through mechanisms involving free radical scavenging, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and suppression of inflammatory responses. This paper systematically reviews the pathological characteristics and molecular mechanisms of hypobaric hypoxia-induced tissue and organ damage, with a focused discussion on the protective effects of flavonoids against such injuries and their multi-target mechanisms of action, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and future research directions for the translational applications of flavonoids in the field of high-altitude medicine.

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