The diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with intracranial tumor infected with Bacillus cereus was reported in this article, a total of 43 reported cases of central nervous system (CNS) infection caused by Bacillus cereus were collected, and the relevant literature at home and abroad was reviewed to analyze the clinical manifestations and treatment regimens of CNS infection caused by Bacillus cereus, providing references for clinical treatment of CNS infection caused by Bacillus cereus. This type of infection is more common in patients with hematologic malignancies, premature infants, intracranial malignancies, and central granulocytopenia, and sensitive and easily transmissible CNS antibiotics, such as vancomycin and meropenem should be selected for treatment as early as possible. Bacillus cereus is often regarded as a contaminating bacterium in clinical practice. However, in recent years, more and more cases of infection caused by Bacillus cereus have been reported. High vigilance should be emphasized in susceptible populations to start empirical treatment as early as possible to improve the prognosis.

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