Objective  To investigate the blood-stasis resolving effect of wild Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) before and after processing, as well as RPR peel, on blood-stasis rats.

Methods  SD rats were divided into blank group, model group, and drug intervention groups (wild RPR water extract group, processed RPR water extract group, RPR peel water extract group). The model group and drug intervention groups were established by subcutaneous injection of adrenaline hydrochloride combined with ice-water bath to prepare rats with cold coagulation and qi stagnation blood-stasis syndrome. The rats in each group were administered 10.08 g/kg by gavage once a day for 15 consecutive days in a volume of 10 mL/kg and adjusted according to body weight, while the blank group and the model group were administered an equal volume of purified water. The general signs of rats in each group were observed. Platelet aggregation rate, coagulation function, and hemorheology were detected. The expression of blood-stasis related factors was measured by ELISA, and the vascular endothelial structure was observed by HE staining and electron microscopy.

Results  After modeling, rats commonly showed huddling, slow response, deepened tongue color, and hypercoagulable state (increased platelet aggregation rate, whole blood viscosity, shortened coagulation time, etc.) (P<0.05). Serum nitric oxide (NO), 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) in rats, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels were decreased, while endothelin-1 (ET-1), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), platelet α-granule membrane protein (GMP-140), soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and other indicators were increased (P<0.05), indicating severe vascular endothelial damage. After intervention with RPR, the hypercoagulable state and endothelial function of blood-stasis rats were significantly improved, related serum factors were reversed, vascular endothelial damage was alleviated, and endothelial cell structure tended to be normal. There was no significant effect of the processed RPR products and the peel, on the above relevant blood indicators (P>0.05).

Conclusion  Wild RPR can significantly improve the physiological and pathological status of blood-stasis model rats by regulating coagulation, platelet activation, and endothelial function, achieving the effect of resolving blood stasis. Processed RPR and RPR peel showed no significant improvement. This suggests that the traditional stasis-dispersing efficacy of RPR may be weakened by the concocting process, and that raw products should be used to disperse stasis in clinical practice.

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