Exosomes are lipid bilamellar vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm, secreted from cells to the outside of cells. They play an important role in intercellular communication, contains proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and metabolites, and participates in various physiological and pathological processes in organisms. Plant-derived exosomes possess both nanoscale structure and natural pharmacological activity, and have been proven to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-fibrotic, intestinal flora-regulating and anti-tumor effects. Ginger-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (GELNs) have become a research hotspot due to their abundant sources, high biocompatibility and unique pharmacological activities. This paper systematically reviews the extraction technology, characterization methods, component analysis and potential applications of GELNs, and explores the limitations and future directions of current research, to provide a reference for in-depth research and clinical translation of GELNs.

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