Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is one of the most common complications during radiotherapy for thoracic malignancies such as lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and breast cancer, with an incidence rate of 30%-50%. It primarily manifests as radiation pneumonitis and radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis, significantly impacting patients' radiotherapy efficacy, quality of life, and survival rate. Current Western medical approaches for preventing and treating RILI are limited. Clinically used drugs, such as corticosteroids and antioxidants, often present issues like significant adverse drug reactions and insufficient long-term safety. As a vital component of traditional Chinese Medicine, medicinal and edible Chinese herbs possess both nutritional and medicinal value, offering unique advantages such as mild efficacy, minimal adverse reactions, and suitability for long-term use, thus demonstrating broad application potential in managing RILI. It should be emphasized that traditional Chinese medicines with dual medicinal and dietary properties can only serve as an adjunctive therapeutic measure for RILI and cannot replace standardized treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or necessary Western medications. In clinical practice, these medicines should be used in combination based on syndrome differentiation on the foundation of standardized treatment to ensure patient safety during diagnosis and treatment. This study systematically reviews 8 commonly used medicinal and edible Chinese herbs with potential in preventing and treating RILI （Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Angelica sinensis,Astragalus membranaceus,Ophiopogon japonicus,Houttuynia cordata,Rehmannia glutinosa,Curcuma longa, andPoria cocos). According to their traditional Chinese medicinal functions, these herbs are classified into 4 categories: deficiency-tonifying, heat-clearing, blood-activating and stasis-resolving, and water-permeating and dampness-resolving. This paper elaborates on the nature, flavor, meridian tropism, main active components, and modern pharmacological mechanisms of each herb in combating RILI. Furthermore, it summarizes the current status of relevant research, analyzes existing limitations, and offers perspectives on future directions, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical application, formulation development, and in-depth investigation of medicinal and edible Chinese herbs in the prevention and treatment of RILI.

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