Objective  To investigate the effects of ezetimibe combined with rosuvastatin on serum levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in patients with cerebral infarction (CI) complicated with carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) plaque.

Methods  The data of patients with CI and CAS plaque diagnosed and treated in the Department of Neurology, Xingtai Central Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the diagnosis and treatment plans of the patients, they were divided into a combination group (ezetimibe combined with rosuvastatin) and a control group (rosuvastatin). The clinical efficacy, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), activity of daily living (ADL) scores, arterial plaque scores, blood lipid index [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C)] and serum index (PTX3, sCD40L level) before and 6 months after treatment were compared between the two groups.

Results  A total of 200 patients were included in the study, with 100 in both the control and combination groups. After treatment, the total effective rate of the combination group was higher (P<0.05). After treatment, NIHSS, ADL scores, arterial plaque scores, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C levels, serum PTX3 and sCD40L levels in both groups were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the improvement degree of the combination group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion  Ezetimibe combined with rosuvastatin may have certain value in CI patients complicated with CAS, which can improve nerve function, stabilize and reverse CAS plaques, regulate lipid levels and serum PTX3 and sCD40L levels, and improve the quality of life.

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