Ginseng is the dried root and rhizome of Panax ginseng, a plant of the Araliaceae family, whcih was first recorded in the Shennong herbal classic. It is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti allergy, immune regulation and other therapeutic effects. In modern research, ginseng extract mainly includes ginsenosides, ginseng polysaccharides, volatile oils, polyacetylene, proteins, fatty acids and other active ingredients. By consulting the relevant literature at home and abroad, this paper reviews the research progress of ginseng chemical components and pharmacological effects, in order to provide some reference for subsequent research.

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