Objective To systematically analyze the compatibility patterns of medicinal flavors in treatment prescriptions for different pattern types of coronary heart disease (CHD) based on the Tang-Ye-Jing-Fa map theory, and to provide a theoretical reference for clinical pattern-based medication.

Methods Systematic searches were conducted in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform from database inception to March 30, 2026. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment prescriptions for CHD were systematically collected from relevant TCM clinical practice guidelines, expert consensus documents, and the textbook Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine. According to the Tang-Ye-Jing-Fa map theory—which elaborates on the entry of five flavors into the five zang-organs (pungent supplements the liver, salty supplements the heart, sweet supplements the spleen, sour supplements the lung, bitter supplements the kidney) and their interactive transformations—the therapeutic direction, dominant medicinal flavors, and flavor compatibility structure of each prescription were analyzed to explore the medication rules targeting the underlying pathogenesis.

Results A total of 9 diagnostic and therapeutic guidance documents (including 5 clinical practice guidelines and 4 expert consensuses), together with the recommended formulas from the textbook Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, were ultimately included. After merging and removing duplicates, 33 CHD treatment formulas were obtained, covering 12 TCM pattern types, which were categorized within the theoretical framework of "Yang Wei Yin Xian" into 6 major pathogenesis categories: Yang deficiency, Yin deficiency, Qi stagnation, blood stasis, turbid phlegm and congealing cold. Analysis of the flavor distribution revealed that the proportions of formulas with Pungent, Salty, Sour, Sweet, and Bitter as the dominant flavors were 84.8%, 54.5%, 15.2%, 36.4%, and 12.1%, respectively. Among these, formulas with the "Pungent-Salty" combination as the core flavor compatibility represented 54.5%, representing the core flavor compatibility of CHD treatment formulas. Notably, the 5 formulas for Yin deficiency patterns were consistently characterized by "Sour-Bitter" as the dominant flavor combination, clearly distinct from the other pattern types. Except for the Yin deficiency subgroup, all formulas predominantly featured Pungent as the dominant flavor, with Pungent-Salty as the core compatibility.

Conclusion Among the CHD prescriptions included in this study, those featuring "Pungent-Salty" as the core dominant flavor combination accounted for a significantly high proportion. While the prescriptions for different pattern types shared common characteristics in flavor selection based on the Tang-Ye-Jing-Fa map theory, they also exhibited individual characteristics due to differences in pattern types.

1. 冉思佳, 杨涛, 欧珊, 等. 胸痹心痛的病因病机及用药规律研究进展[J]. 中国民间疗法, 2024, 32(14): 86-89.RanSJ, YangT, OuS, et al. Research progress on the etiology, pathogenesis and medication rules of chest obstruction and heart pain[J]. China's Naturopathy, 2024, 32(14): 86-89. DOI: 10.19621/j.cnki.11-3555/r.2024.1423.

2. 朱微珍, 何迎春. 基于“阳微阴弦”治疗胸痹体会[J]. 浙江中医杂志, 2023, 58(11) :805-806.ZhuWZ, HeYC. Experience in treating chest obstruction based on "Yang Wei Yin Xian"[J]. Zhejiang Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023, 58(11): 805-806. DOI: 10.13633/j.cnki.zjtcm.2023.11.010.

3. 马骏, 杨晓轶, 李应存, 等. 敦煌《辅行诀五脏用药法要》组方规则与转化应用[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2024, 39(4): 1922-1925. [MaJ, YangXY, LiYC, et al. Formulation rules and transformation application of Dunhuang's Fuxing Jue Wuzang Yongyao Fayao[J]. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, 2024, 39(4): 1922-1925. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms2/article/abstract?v=14XpHnsxtHH6l9nk7aUF8MBpKkBHYkqLmQVhhaeUQZ8Q-lq-prEPJ4vJoGngzj24lkEgOQqVQc-xJWbVuN1CBe4oRSptBfE5c6S11yG_hzahcONqT_wqzWewhJ2b6SozCLE5hR0o-cLEfEur10nwvXeYq5fpemUZyjo8-EhmLF33OpYlUmwvdQ==&uniplatform=NZKPT&language=CHS.

4. 齐明月, 郭红叶, 谢晨琼, 等. 基于指南/教材研究经典咳嗽治疗方的药味配伍规律[J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2025, 27(9): 2654-2665.QiMY, GuoHY, XieCQ, et al. Research on the compatibility rules of medicinal ingredients in classical cough treatment formulas based on guidelines/textbooks[J]. World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, 2025, 27(9): 2654-2665. DOI: 10.11842/wst.20240922002.

5. 吴勉华, 石岩, 主编. 中医内科学, 第5版[M]. 北京: 中国中医药出版社, 2021: 110-117.

6. 中国药典2025年版. 一部[S]. 2025: 3-438. doi：10.1111/j.1931-0846.2001.tb00491.x

7. 金锐, 主编. 汤液经法图讲记-2-还原中药的五行属性[M]. 北京: 北京科学技术出版社, 2023: 11.

8. 金锐. “汤液经法图”系列研究之一: 汤液经法图的来历、内容与应用[J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2020, 22(8): 2954-2960.JinR. The "Tang-Ye-Jing-Fa Map" research (1): the origin, content and application of the Tang-Ye-Jing-Fa perspective[J]. World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, 2020, 22(8): 2954-2960. DOI: 10.11842/wst.20191217009.

9. 王宇光, 金锐. “汤液经法图”系列研究之三: 25味药精五行属性内涵的探索性研究[J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化,2021, 23(2): 385-390.WangYG, JinR. Research on "TangyeJingfa Map" (3): an exploration on the attribute connotation of "Five Element" of 25 essential herbs[J]. World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, 2021, 23(2): 385-390. DOI: 10.11842/wst.20200310007.

10. 金锐, 韩晟. “汤液经法图”系列研究之四: 五味化合规律的数理分析[J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2021, 23(4): 1036-1041.JinR, HanS. The "Tang-Ye-Jing-Fa Map" research (4): the mathematical analysis of the five flavors transformation law[J]. World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, 2021, 23(4): 1036-1041. DOI: 10.11842/wst.20200415010.

11. 赵依佳, 孙馨乐, 金锐. 基于“汤液经法图”体系的石膏酸味辨析[J]. 中国医院药学杂志, 2025, 45(22): 2655-2659.ZhaoYJ, SunXL, JinR. Analysis of Gypsum fibrosum's sour taste based on Tangye Jingfa Map[J]. Chin J Hosp Pharm, 2025, 45(22): 2655-2659. DOI: 10.13286/j.1001-5213.2025.22.16.

12. 金锐, 王宇光. “汤液经法图”系列研究之五: 五味排列组合所成31种配伍类型的功效特点和代表性方剂分析[J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2023, 25(1): 63-73.JinR, WangYG. The "Tang-Ye-Jing-Fa Map" research (5): efficacy characteristics and representative prescription analysis of 31 compatibility types formed by combination of Five Flavors[J]. World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, 2023, 25(1): 63-73. DOI: 10.11842/wst.20211107002.

13. 郭红叶, 金锐. “汤液经法图”系列研究之六:《辅行诀》辨心脏病证文并方的组方分析[J]. 世界科学技术-中医药现代化, 2023, 25(1): 74-82.GuoHY, JinR. The “Tang-Ye-Jing-Fa Map” research (6): the composition principle analysis of heart disease syndrome differentiation system in Fuxing Jue[J]. World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica, 2023, 25(1): 74-82. DOI: 10.11842/wst.20211122001.

14. 张瑞芬, 苏和, 黄新生, 等. 不稳定型心绞痛中医诊疗专家共识[J]. 中医杂志, 2022, 63(7): 695-700.ZhangRF, SuH, HuangXS, et al. Expert consensus on traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of unstable angina pectoris[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2022, 63(7): 695-700. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2022.07.016.

15. 刘红旭, 吴永健, 王显, 等. 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗围手术期心肌损伤中医诊疗专家共识[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志, 2017, 37(4): 389-393.LiuHX, WuYJ, WangX, et al. Expert consensus on traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of perioperative myocardial injury in percutaneous coronary intervention[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 2017, 37(4): 389-393. DOI:10.7661/j.cjim.20170219.029.

16. 安冬青, 吴宗贵. 动脉粥样硬化中西医结合诊疗专家共识[J].中国全科医学, 2017, 20(5): 507-511.AnDQ, WuZG. Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis by combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2017, 20(5): 507-511. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2017.01.y03.

17. 冠心病稳定型心绞痛中医诊疗指南[J]. 中医杂志, 2019, 60(21): 1880-1890.Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of stable angina pectoris of coronary heart disease with traditional Chinese medicine[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2019, 60(21): 1880-1890. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2019.21.015.

18. 王阶, 陈光. 冠心病稳定型心绞痛中医诊疗专家共识[J]. 中医杂志,2018,59(5): 447-450.WangJ, ChenG. Expert consensus on traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of stable angina pectoris of coronary heart disease[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2018, 59(5): 447-450. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2018.05.020.

19. 刘红旭, 邢文龙, 魏鹏路, 等. 冠状动脉微血管病中医诊疗指南[J]. 中医杂志, 2023, 64(21): 2261-2268.LiuHX, XingWL, WeiPL, et al. Guideline for traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of coronary microvascular disease[J]. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2023, 64(21): 2261-2268. DOI: 10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2023.21.017.

20. 世界中医药联合会心血管病专业委员会, 中国中西医结合学会心血管病专业委员会, 中华中医药学会介入心脏病学会, 等. 冠状动脉血运重建术后心绞痛中西医结合诊疗指南[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志, 2020, 40(11): 1298-1307.Cardiovascular Disease Committee of World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, Cardiovascular Disease Committee of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine, Intervention Cardiology Society of China Association of Chinese Medicine, et al. Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of angina pectoris after coronary revascularization by combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine[J].  Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 2020, 40(11): 1298-1307. DOI: CNKI:SUN:ZZXJ.0.2020-11-007.

21. 急性心肌梗死中西医结合诊疗指南[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志, 2018, 38(3): 272-284.Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction by combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine[J]. Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 2018, 38(3): 272-284. DOI:10.7661/j.cjim.20180119.038.

22. 张敏州, 丁邦晗, 林谦. 急性心肌梗死中医临床诊疗指南[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2021, 36(7): 4119-4127.ZhangMZ, DingBH, LinQ. Clinical practice guideline of Chinese medicine for acute myocardial infarction [J]. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, 2021, 36(7): 4119-4127.

23. 张晓娟, 张燕丽, 左冬冬. 川芎的化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J]. 中医药信息, 2020, 37(6): 128-133.ZhangXJ, ZhangYL, ZuoDD. Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort[J]. Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020, 37(6): 128-133. DOI: 10.19656/j.cnki.1002-2406.200177.

24. 屈媛, 王婷, 付慧婕,等. 丹参有效成分及药理作用研究进展[J]. 辽宁中医药大学学报, 2024, 26(9): 172-176.QuY, WangT, FuHJ, et al. Research progress on the active ingredients and pharmacological effects of Danshen (Salviae miltiorrhizae)[J]. Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2024, 26(9): 172-176. DOI: 10.13194/j.issn.1673-842x.2024.09.033.