Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of oxygen blowing combined with clostridium butyricum and bifidobacterium powders in neonatal diaper dermatitis (DD).

Methods Data of neonatal DD patients admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from January 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into the control group (oxygen blowing) and the experimental group (oxygen blowing combined with clostridium butyricum and bifidobacterium powders) according to whether or not they received clostridium butyricum and bifidobacterium powders treatment. The primary efficacy index of the study was the treatment efficiency, and the secondary efficacy indexes were the severity of DD (Neonatal Rash Scale score, DD score, and lesion area score), time to erythema resolution, time to vesicle resolution, and time to healing.

Results  A total of 99 patients were included in the study, with 42 in the experimental group and 57 in the control group. The treatment efficiency of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). With regard to the severity of DD, the papule and pustule scores, dermatitis extent scores, erythema severity scores, skin damage scores and lesion area scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05); the proportions of moderate and severe syndrome in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The time for erythema to subside, the time for vesicles to subside and the time for healing were shorter in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion  Oxygen blowing combined with clostridium butyricum and bifidobacterium powders can significantly improve the clinical effect of neonatal DD, but the specific mechanism still needs to be explored.

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