Erianin, an active constituent extracted from the orchid plant Dendrobium chrysotoxum, has demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on a variety of tumor cells. However, its clinical application is limited due to poor water solubility, low stability, and inadequate bioavailability. This article provides a review of the structural modification research of erianin, its potential to improve bioavailability and antitumor selectivity, as well as the molecular mechanism of erianin in the treatment of lung cancer, and the methods and strategies of erianin in the treatment of lung cancer are prospected, providing a basis for the application of erianin and its derivatives in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, and pointing out the direction for its future drug development.
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