Objective  To explore the effective active ingredients and molecular mechanism of the blood glucose-lowering effect of Portulaca oleracea based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.

Methods  The active ingredient targets of Portulaca oleracea were mapped to the disease targets of diabetes to obtain the intersection genes, and the "drug-ingredient-target" network diagram was constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.1 software. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of targets was constructed through the STRING online platform, and the core targets of the network were identified and analyzed using the BisoGenet and CytoNCA plugins. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on potential target information using DAVID, and the obtained results were visualized using R language. The molecular docking was completed using AutoDock Vina 1.1.2 software, and the results were visually analyzed with PyMOL and Discovery Studio 2019 software.

Results  A total of 394 component targets corresponding to the 10 active ingredients were screened in the TCMSP database, and 191 potential therapeutic targets were obtained after mapping with 8 972 relevant targets for diabetes. The molecular docking results showed that the binding energies of the compounds (quercetin and kaempferol) to the core target proteins (IL-6, TNF and AKT1) were lower than -5 kcal/mol, indicating that the active ingredients had a better binding ability to the core targets.

Conclusion  Quercetin, kaempferol and other active ingredients in Portulaca oleracea can bind to core targets such as IL-6, TNF, AKT1 and other core targets to play a role in lowering blood glucose.

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