Parabens, also known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, are a class of organic compounds with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, heptyl, octyl esters, etc., which are widely used as preservatives in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the dosage, application scope, antibacterial performance, and safety of commonly used parabens in pharmaceutical preparations, aiming to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the properties of this class of preservatives, and to serve as a reference for the rational selection of parabens in pharmaceutical preparations.

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