Objective  To systematically review the clinical effectiveness and economy of services, such as prescription review and therapeutic drug management.

Methods  CNKI, Web of Science, Wanfang Date, and PubMed were searched from January 1, 2010, to October 30, 2022, to obtain literature on the economic evaluation of pharmacy services. The quality of reporting was evaluated according to the "List of Reporting Criteria for Comprehensive Health Economic Evaluation". The conclusions of the studies were summarized and integrated.

Results  25 studies were finally included, of wihich China (44%) and Spain (12%) accounted for a larger proportion. For the quality of economic reports, the mean score of 25 studies was 16.6, with 1 excellent report, 17 good reports, 2 qualified reports, and 5 unqualified reports. Pharmaceutical services encompassed in literature are predominantly drug review (36%), trailed by multiple pharmacy services (28%). The results of the study showed that 18 (72%) of the studies indicated that the pharmacy service had clinical and economic benefits, 4 (16%) showed that the pharmacy service had clinical benefit but not economic benefit, and 3 (12%) studies showed that the pharmacy service did not achieve clinical and economic benefits.

Conclusion  Pharmacist services present varying degrees of clinical benefits, and most studies support the positive role of pharmacy services in enhancing clinical outcomes and economic benefits. However, there are also a small number of studies that show insignificant effectiveness and economic benefits of pharmacy services. These findings have important implications for evaluating and improving the implementation of pharmacy services.

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