Polygonatum rhizoma is a herbaceous plant that can be used as both medicine and food. Its main active ingredients include polygonatum rhizoma polysaccharide and polygonatum rhizoma saponin. Among them, polygonatum rhizoma polysaccharide is a kind of miscellaneous sugar, mainly composed of monosaccharides such as glucose, mannose, fructose, galacturonic acid, galactose, glucuronic acid and arabinose, and has antioxidant, immune-enhancing, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Polygonatum rhizoma saponin mainly includes steroidal saponin and triterpenoid saponin, which has significant effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic and anti-aging effects. In recent years, with the increasing attention paid to natural medicinal resources, Polygonatum rhizoma has gradually become a hot topic of research due to its rich active ingredients and diverse biological effects. Although relevant research is increasing, there is still a lack of systematic and in-depth summary and induction of these two types of components. Based on this, this paper intends to organize and analyze the research progress of polygonatum rhizoma polysaccharide and saponin on the basis of existing research results, in order to provide theoretical support and reference basis for their further basic research and industrial application.

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