Study on quality evaluation of Galium aparine L. from different producing areas based on UPLC characteristic fingerprint and content determination

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Author: HE Jiaying ¹ PAN Liye ¹ LIN Han ¹ PAN Lishan ¹ LIANG Yongxin ¹  LI Guowei ¹ CHEN Xiangdong ¹ SUN Dongmei ¹

Affiliation: 1.Guangdong Efong Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Foshan 528244, Guangdong Province, China

Keywords: Galium aparine L. UPLC characteristic fingerprint Content determination Quality evaluation PCA OPLS-DA

DOI: 10.12173/j.issn.2097-4922.202602013

Reference: HE Jiaying, PAN Liye, LIN Han, PAN Lishan, LIANG Yongxin, LI Guowei, CHEN Xiangdong, SUN Dongmei.Study on quality evaluation of Galium aparine L. from different producing areas based on UPLC characteristic fingerprint and content determination[J]. Yaoxue QianYan Zazhi, 2026, 30(5): 974 - 980.DOI: 10.12173/j.issn.2097-4922.202602013[Article in Chinese]  Copied

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Abstract

Objective To establish a method for characteristic fingerprint and multi-index component content determination, and to compare the quality differences of Galium aparine L. from different producing areas.

Methods A total of 13 batches of Galium aparine L. were collected from Henan, Anhui, and Guangxi area, respectively. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method was established to develop the characteristic fingerprint, and similarity evaluation was performed. The content of 4 marker components, namely neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, and rutin, was simultaneously determined. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to perform chemical pattern recognition of Galium aparine L. from different producing areas, to screen the key markers responsible for quality differences.

Results The UPLC characteristic fingerprint of Galium aparine L. was established, and a total of 9 common peaks were identified. Among them, 4 components, namely neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, and rutin, were identified. PCA showed that the comprehensive scores of 13 batches of Galium aparine L. from different producing areas, from high to low, were as follows: Henan origin > Anhui origin > Guangxi origin. 6 quality difference markers were further screened through OPLS-DA, namely peak 9 (rutin), peak 4 (chlorogenic acid), peak 7, peak 8, peak 1 (neochlorogenic acid), and peak 6. At the same time, the content determination of the 4 indicator components mentioned above showed that there were significant differences in the content of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, and rutin among different regions.

Conclusion UPLC characteristic fingerprint combined with multi-index content determination can comprehensively and effectively evaluate the quality of Galium aparine L. from different producing areas, providing a reference for improving its quality control standards.

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