Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of therapy with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) drugs for neovascular glaucoma(NVG).

Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and SinoMed databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on anti-VEGF drugs in the treatment of NVG from inception to January 31, 2026. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. The Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results A total of 50 RCTs were included, involving 4,674 patients and 4,828 eyes. Meta-analysis results showed that anti-VEGF drug treatment for NVG was superior to the control group in terms of clinical total effective rate, best-corrected visual acuity, and intraocular pressure (P < 0.05). The Meta-analysis of various complications revealed that the anti-VEGF group had lower incidences of hyphema, anterior chamber exudation, corneal edema, ocular pain, and vitreous hemorrhage compared to the control group (P < 0.05), while the incidences of choroidal detachment and atrophy of eyeball were comparable between the two groups (P  >  0.05).

Conclusion Anti-VEGF drug therapy for NVG can further improve the clinical outcomes of patients, enhance their clinical efficacy, improve best-corrected visual acuity, reduce intraocular pressure levels, decrease the incidence of postoperative complications, and facilitate patient recovery.

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