Objective  To establish the GC characteristic choromatogram of Huanglian Shangqing tablets (pills and granules), and to investigate the quality of the medicinal materials (Weeping Forsythia, Mentha Hyplocalyx and Herba Schizonepetae) containing volatile oil in Huanglian Shangqing tablets (pills and granules).

Methods  Agilient HP-5 capillary column (30 m×0.32 mm, 0.25 μm) was used with temperature programming, the split ratio was 5 ∶ 1, the split flow was 5 mL·min^-1, the injection volume was 1 μL, and the inlet temperature was 250°C. A hydrogen flame ionization detector was used, with the detector temperature of 260°C, and the column flow was 1 mL·min^-1. The quality of samples from different manufacturers was evaluated by using the GC characteristic choromatogram of volatile oil and the identification of characteristic peaks, combined with similarity analysis and principal component analysis.

Results  The characteristic chromatograms of 192 batches of samples from 56 manufacturers were established. The peaks of Weeping Forsythia, Mentha Hyplocalyx and Herba Schizonepetae were identified as α-pinene and β-pinene, menthol and menthone, and pulegone respectively. The GC choromatogram of volatile oil components in Huanglian Shangqing tablets (pills) from different manufacturers were quite different, and some peaks of indicator components in the products from a few manufacturers have missing.

Conclusion  The established GC characteristic chromatograms can reflect the product quality status and can be used for the quality evaluation and product quality control of Huanglian Shangqing tablets (pills and capsules). Huanglian Shangqing tablets (pills and capsules) from some manufacturers are insufficient in the active ingredients of volatile oil, therefore, the product quality needs to be improved.

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