Objective To construct a three-dimensional analysis framework of technology-application-challenge, systematically explore the technical support system, application progress, and practical challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of hospital pharmacy, and provide reference for the deep integration and development of AI technology in this field.

Methods  The analysis focused on the technical systems, application scenarios, and transformation barriers of AI in hospital pharmacy.  It outlined the core technical support provided by natural language processing, machine learning, deep learning, and big data analytics. The study also summarized the current application status of these technologies in key aspects of hospital pharmacy and identified the prominent challenges currently faced.

Results  At the technological level, natural language processing, machine learning, deep learning, and big data analytics together formed the technological system enabling hospital pharmacy practice. At the application level, AI enhanced efficiency and quality across key domains such as medication management, supply chain optimization, drug dispensing, prescription review and rational use control, chronic disease management with personalized medication guidance, as well as adverse drug reaction management. At the challenge level, the translation of AI technologies still faced difficulties such as barriers to interdisciplinary collaboration, insufficient data-sharing platforms, and a shortage of interdisciplinary talent.

Conclusion  In the future, while continuously advancing the development of AI technology, healthcare institutions should enhance high-level technology research, development, and collaboration, emphasize the cultivation of composite talents and the construction of interdisciplinary collaboration mechanisms, Improve data platforms and ethical regulatory systems, in order to promote the deep integration of AI into hospital pharmacy practice and achieve the intelligent transformation of pharmaceutical services.

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