Objective  To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 11 components of Solanum nigrum from different producing areas, and to evaluate the quality by chemometrics and entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (EW-TOPSIS).

Methods  The 17 batches of Solanum nigrum samples from 8 provinces were collected. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to simultaneously determine the contents of medioresino, pinoresinol, quercetin, rutoside, solasonine, solamargine, khasianine, solasodine, desgalactotigonin, diosgenin and β-sitosterol, and the multi-components quantitative control mode of Solanum nigrum was established. The quality evaluation model of Solanum nigrum was established by using chemical recognition pattern and EW-TOPSIS method, and the overall quality was evaluated comprehensively.

Results  When the 11 components were in the 0.78-39.00, 0.55-27.50, 0.34-17.00, 0.21-10.50, 41.87-2 093.50, 60.95-3 047.50, 2.58-129.00, 1.02-51.00, 0.46-23.00, 1.05-52.50 and 0.42-21.00 µg/mL (r>0.999 0), their linear relationships were good. The average recovery was 96.81%-100.28% with the RSD<2.0% (n=9). 17 batches of samples clustered into 3 categories. Solamargine, solasonine, desgalactotigonin and medioresino may be the main potential markers affecting the quality of Solanum nigrum. The results of EW-TOPSIS method showed that, the quality evaluation closeness of 17 batches of Solanum nigrum were 0.433 6, 0.416 8, 0.624 2, 0.500 8, 0.479 1, 0.636 1, 0.568 3, 0.250 0, 0.190 9, 0.222 1, 0.170 7, 0.720 0, 0.698 3, 0.744 7, 0.717 9, 0.720 9 and 0.718 3, respectively, indicating that the overall quality of Solanum nigrum from Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang were better, followed by Jiangsu, Henan and Anhui.

Conclusion  The established HPLC method for simultaneous determination of 11 components in Solanum nigrum is convenient and accurate. Chemometrics and EW-TOPSIS method are objective and comprehensive, which can be used for the overall quality evaluation of Solanum nigrum.

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